Many changes in the feet can make people think that they have nail fungal infections, from a medical point of view, known as onychomycosis. Nail fungal infections sometimes make conditions spread or associated with poor hygiene. In fact, up to 10% of all adults have fungal nail infections. This percentage increases to 20% of adults aged 60 and above. In fact, abnormal nails appear to be caused by several conditions, including, but unlimited, fungal infections. There are many other reasons why nails can look different.
Nail fungal treatment
Onychomycosis is a fungal infection, usually caused by a special type of fungus, known as dermatophytes. Because most of these infections are quite shallow, it seems that the current procedure should work properly. This is not the case, because the nails are quite unable to penetrate. Examples of states that are often mistaken for fungal nails include yellow (onycholysis), hematoma, green nails (caused by pseudomonas bacteria), bones (usually associated with psoriasis), nail infections (stimonichia) and late injuries.
What other conditions can be taken for fungal nails?
Here are some other conditions that may not be fungus nails:
Lines and ridges: They are common and can be considered normal. They can worsen during pregnancy. Large grooves in the middle of the nail can be caused by injury. Some people may see this change after chemotherapy.
Nail nails: with age, the nails become fragile and develop the ridge and separation of the nail layer at the end of the nail. To avoid this, it is necessary to use special solutions and baths.
White or yellowish nails can occur due to onycholysis. This means separating the plate from the nail base. The color of the shape is air under the nails. The treatment consists of cutting the plate briefly, not cleaning underneath and polishing. If you need to hide the colors, you have to wait two to three months. Continuous onkelos can make nails exposed to fungal infections. Red or black plate due to hematoma or blood under the nail, as a rule, occurs from injury. If there is a black spot under the nail, which is not caused by the injury, you should visit a dermatologist or orthopedis to ensure that this is not a melanoma (a type of skin cancer associated with pigment cells). Simple biopsy can exclude violence (cancer).
Green plates can be caused by pseudomonas bacteria, which grow under the nails, partially separated from the base of the nail. This infection can cause unpleasant nail odor. This treatment consists of short cutting nails every four weeks, do not clean, polish if you need to hide the color, and wait for two to three months. It is also recommended to prevent soaking plates anywhere -carefully drying the legs after the bath. If the problem does not disappear, there is a prescription of the medication for the treatment prescribed by the doctor. The nails affected by psoriasis can also be brown.
Edema and redness of the skin around the nails are called paronychia. This is a skin infection at the bottom of the nail (cuticle). If the infection is acute (has a rapid start), it is usually caused by bacteria. He can respond to warm baths, but it is best not to go on his own, but to see a doctor right away. Chronic paronichia occurs when the cuticle is inflamed or irritated over time. Sometimes fungus will use damaged and infected skin. Therapy begins with the fact that the skin remains dry and removed from water. If the problem is not lost, you should consult your doctor. Antibiotics are not often used, but may be needed with serious infections.
Chronic nail injury can cause damage to the nails, which can resemble fungal nails. Some injuries can lead to continuous changes that can mimic the appearance of fungal nails. Microconidii trichophyton fungus, which lives in the soil and can cause skin fungal infections, hair or nails.
What causes fungal infections, and what are the risk factors?
In normal healthy people, nail fungal infections are most often caused by fungus, which falls into a damp area. Communal rain, such as in a gym or pool, a general source. Transition to nails that use insufficient cleaning of tools (for example, scissors, fillets and foot baths) in addition to living with family members with fungal disease, is also a risk factor. It has been proven that athletes are more vulnerable to nail fungus.
It is assumed that this is due to the fact that the shoes are tight, sweaty, related to the nail injury that repeats the legs. The presence of sports load makes it more likely that fungus will infect the nails on the feet. Repeated injuries also weaken the plate, which makes it more vulnerable to fungal infections. This includes all the exacerbation of the immune system can make a person exposed to fungal infections. These include conditions such as AIDS, diabetes, cancer, psoriasis or any use of immunosuppressants, such as steroids.
Is the nails contagious?
Although fungus should be obtained somewhere, it is not very contagious. It is very common to find more than one person in a family that has this nothing more than an accidental coincidence. Fungus can be transmitted from person to person, but only with continuous intimate relationships.
What are the symptoms of fungus and nails?
Although fungal nails are usually cosmetic problems, some patients experience pain and discomfort. These symptoms can be worsened by improper shoes, activities and nail trims. There are many types of mushrooms that can affect the nails. The most common, however, is called trichophyton rubrum. This type of fungus tends to infect the skin (known as dermatophytes) and is shown in the following specific methods. It starts at the tip of the nail and causes a plate: it is called "distal onychomycosis. " This is the most common type of fungal infection in nails in adults and children (90% of cases).
It is more common on the toes, the thumb usually affects the first. Risk factors include old age, swimming, sports burden, psoriasis, diabetes, family members with infections or depressed immune systems. Usually it starts as a colorless area in the corner of the thumb and slowly spreads to the cuticle. It is often accompanied by onycholysis. The most common cause is T.
It starts at the base of the nail and causes nails: it is called "onychomycosis of proximal tendons". This is the most common type of fungal damage (about 3% of cases). It looks like a distal type, but starts with cuticle (nail base) and slowly spreads to the tip of the nail. This type is almost always found in people with a damaged immune system. It is rare to see the debris under the tip of the nail with this condition, unlike the distal sundrily onychomycosis. The most common causes are T. rubrum and dermatophyte molds.
Onychomycosis yeast: This type is caused by a yeast called Candida, and not a trichophyton fungus, named above. This is more common in nails and is the cause of fungal nails. Patients can be associated with paronychia (cuticle infection). Candida can cause yellow, brown, white or thick nails. Some people with these infections also have fungus in the mouth or chronic paronichia), which are also infected with pores. Onychomycosis of white surface: In this state of nails, a doctor often cleans the white powder material at the top of the nail plate. This condition is the most common in the tropical environment and is caused by famous fungal fungus and trihofitii.
What tests do health experts use fungal nails?
It has been shown that only one physical examination is an unreliable method for diagnosing fungal nails. There are many conditions that can make the nails look damaged, so even the doctor has a difficult time. In fact, studies have shown that only about 50% - 60% of cases of abnormal nail appearance are caused by fungus. Therefore, laboratory tests are almost always shown. Some insurance companies may request a laboratory test confirmation for diagnostics to accommodate antifungal drugs. The sample plate is obtained either by cutting the nails, or by drilling the holes in it. This piece is sent to the laboratory where it can be painted, planted or tested using PCR (to identify the genetic material of the organism) to identify the presence of fungus.
If the negative results of biopsy are accompanied by high clinical suspicion, for example, shiny, slumped, thick and loose plates, this requires a second test due to the prevalence of false negative results in this test. Most medicines used to treat nail fungus have side effects, so you should recognize contraindications.
What specialist treats nail fungus?
There are several doctors who can provide nail fungus treatment. The attending physician, dermatologist or orthopedic can treat nail fungus. Any of these doctors can provide the right diagnosis and prescribe specialized medications for fungal infections. Orthopedics or dermatologists can shake the upper layer of the nail or even remove part of the nail.
What is the need for fungal nails?
Cream and other related drugs are traditionally less effective against nail fungus than verbal medicine. This is due to the fact that the nails are too complicated for penetration of external applications. It is also difficult to adhere to local treatment schemes. Often, these medicines require daily applications for up to one year to see the results. One of the main advantages of local treatment is the minimum risk of serious side effects and interactions with drugs compared to oral therapy.
Coral antifungal therapy operates about 50-75% of cases, depending on the drug. This can take nine to twelve months to make sure it works or not, as this is how long you need to build nails. Although therapy works, fungus can return to about 20-50% of cases. Currently, oral antifungal therapy is considered the best tool for treating fungus on the feet due to higher healing rates and shorter treatment periods than local therapy.
There are several innovative treatment methods that are still examined:
- Laser therapy or photodynamic therapy uses the use of light agents on the plate, followed by the same light wavelength on the nails.
- The use of electric current to help absorb the relevant antifungal drug into the nail: it is also called Iontophores.
- The use of special nail polish that changes nail microcimulation to make it unfriendly for fungal growth: if it works, it can be a cheap way to treat this problem in the future.
One way to finally get rid of nail fungus is surgery. Onhomycosis surgical treatment includes nail removal. However, this often only provides temporary relief, and relapse is common if additional antifungal drugs (oral or local) are not used at the same time. However, the removal of surgery may be allowed if the touch of the touch is associated with other factors such as injury or infection.
Is it possible to avoid the appearance of nail fungus on the feet?
Because truly fungus -actually grows in warm wet areas (for example, sweaty feet), there are certain areas that should be avoided or used carefully. It is considered that rain, locker rooms and swimming pools are sources of fungus, although no studies have confirmed this fact.
Nail nails and acrylic nails also make less "breathing" plates and make it more vulnerable to fungal infections. Mushrooms are everywhere - in the air, dust and soil. Steps -Cleanliness, such as spraying socks and shoes, is reasonable, and maybe these steps can help a little. However, avoiding dense, not breathing boots or gender for sports facilities, it may be the best prevention. Daily wash and drying between the fingers can help prevent nail fungus. The fungus is transferred to a pet, such as a cat and a dog. However, they do not often cause disease.
How to determine nail fungus?
Fungal nail treatment can be difficult, and it can take up to 18 months. Reinfection and Reinfection are common (Re -infections of 40% -70%). Attempts to eliminate or change risk factors, if possible, it is important to prevent germs. People with medical illnesses that affect them for fungal lesions can heal longer than fungus.
Tips for the prevention of nail fungus treatment
Fungus only causes 50% -60% of the nails that are not prominent. It is difficult to immediately observe the difference between the various reasons for the nails that are bleached (even for doctors). Onychomycosis is often untreated. Causes of medical treatment are needed primarily with skin or nail injuries.